The Dalmatian is an active and cheerful pet. Thanks to his bright appearance, you will not go unnoticed during walks in the park and on the dog fields.
At the dog57 dog breed registry, we'll show you what a Dalmatian looks like, and talk about their origins, personality, and physical characteristics as well as their training and the most common illnesses they typically suffer from. You'll find all about the Dalmatian below. Read on.
a summary
Breed name: Dalmatian
Country of Origin: Croatia
Breed Origin Time: 1791 years
Weight: Males: 27-32 kg. Females: 24-29 kg.
Height (height at withers): Males: 56-62cm. Female: 54-60 cm
Age: 10-13 years
highlights
These are very large and very active, therefore it is preferable to keep them in a private house with the possibility of free walking in a fenced area.
Dalmatians need early socialization and proper upbringing.
Without enough physical exertion, they turn into an uncontrollable destructive.
Dalmatians are not suitable for domestic bodies and families with young children.
Despite the short coat, they shed intensely and need constant care.
About 12% of puppies are born deaf.
The pattern of spots on the body is unique to each individual.
Only dogs with black or brown spots on a white background are allowed to participate in the shows, but there are other color options.
The Dalmatian is one breed where "media" and instant popularity have done more harm than good. Dogs with tough character and high demands for daily exercise are not suitable for every fan of Disney cartoons. But experienced and responsible people will find idle creativity a faithful friend and a wonderful companion.
History of the Dalmatian dynasty
Mention of spotted dogs is found in existing documents from different eras and countries, starting with ancient Egyptian papyrus manuscripts. However, based on scattered verbal descriptions, it is simply impossible to reasonable judge who exactly was the ancestor of modern Dalmatians.
The first fairly reliable evidence of the existence of the breed dates back to the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. White dogs with small dark markings are depicted on the surviving religious and secular artworks of those times: the altar painting in the Basilica of Saint Mary in a small town, the fresco in the Franciscan monastery in Zaostruga, the frescoes of the Basilica of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, the ceremonial portraits of Venetian and Tuscan artists, in which noble nobles are depicted - for example, Cosimo II de Medici. Since much of the early evidence is in the territory of the historical region of Dalmatia, which is now part of Croatia, it is customary from here to derive the roots of the bridle. And the clear compatibility of the names speaks in favor of this version, which was officially adopted by the FCI.
There, on the warm shores of the Adriatic, some "theoretical" works were also published. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Dzakovo-Osijek has kept in its archives the records of Bishop Petar Bakić (1719) and Andreas Kiskemita (1739), both of whom speak of Croatian dogs Canis Dalmatikos. In 1771, the Welsh naturalist Thomas Pennant wrote the "Fourfold Summary", first calling the breed the Dalmatian. In 1790, the English scholar of natural history Thomas Buick included Dalmatians in the general history of tetrapods.
In general, it should be said that in British immigrants from Dalmatia gained special popularity. Researchers suggest that representatives of other breeds were used here, in particular, black pointers and white English dogs. The latter became extinct more than a hundred years ago but laid a paw to create many modern breeds: Boston Terrier, American bulldog, bull terrier, American Staffordshire terrier, and others. Through the efforts of Albion foggers by the second half of the eighteenth century, the appearance of the Dalmatians that can be recognized today was formed.
At the same time, “Italian dogs”, as the British were originally called, noted an amazing ability to run almost tirelessly over long distances, no less quickly than horse-drawn carriages. Fleet-footed dogs were made guardians of valuable "movable property" on city trips and long trips - a kind of prototype for modern car alarms. In addition, during the flight, the four-legged drones followed the horses, and light bites forced tired or lazy animals to maintain the pace set by the trainer. Since then, for several decades, the definition of transport has been established for them.
Although the functions of Dalmatians were not limited to this. They guarded homes, assisted hunters in small and large game, and served as "bodyguards" for noble ladies who wandered unaccompanied by a man. In the era of guardianship, spotted pets became a sign of the owner's high social status.
Once outside, the unusual dogs changed roles, and instead of the wealthy nobles accompanied the volunteer fire brigades, which before the mass introduction of internal combustion engines could not do without real "horsepower". Noticeable from a distance, white "bells" alerted other traffic participants about the approaching firefighters and helped clear the way no worse than sirens and traffic lights. But even after fire-extinguishing chariots became museum exhibits, many did not want to give up their living spells.
Today, charismatic dogs are a recognizable symbol for American firefighters.
As for the history of the exhibition, dogs from Dalmatia were first introduced to a professional jury and the public in 1860 in Birmingham. Thirty years later, a breeders club was established and an official standard for the breed was drafted. Two years ago, it was recognized by the American Kennel Club. The International Canine Organization FCI registered Dalmatians in 1926.
Dalmatian description
Athletic and hardy, elegant dogs of medium to large size. Males weigh an average of 18-27 kg with a height at the withers of 58-61 cm, - 16-24 kg, and 56-58 cm, respectively.
head
The head of the Dalmatian is proportional to the body. Elongated, flat, not very wide between the ears. The snout with a pronounced foot, length is equal to or slightly shorter than the occipital part. There are no folds of skin on the head.
azan
Moderately large, laid widely on the head, pressed against it on the sides. Triangular in shape, the tips are slightly rounded. The color is necessarily monitored and corresponds to the overall color.
the eyes
The eyes of Dalmatians are medium in size, oval in shape. The color corresponds to the color: dark brown for dogs with black spots, amber - with brown. The view is clear and smart. The eyelids fit well with the eyeball. Its edges are well pigmented (depending on the color - black or brown).
nose
The lobe is wide, completely pigmented (black or brown according to the main color), the nostrils are wide open.
lips and teeth
The lips fit snugly against the jawline. The jaws are strong. The sting is scissor-shaped, and the upper teeth completely overlap the lower teeth.
neck
Strong, very long.
corps
The body of the Dalmatian is well built, the shoulders are muscular, with a deep chest and well-vaulted ribs. The back is smooth and strong. The lower back and croup are muscular, the inclination is insignificant.
the parties
The front legs are straight, the elbows are pressed against the body. The hind legs are muscular, the knees are strong and well developed. The paws are similar to cats: compact and rounded, fingers are vaulted. Claws can be dyed depending on the base color.
Tail
The tail of the Dalmatian is very long, spotted, straight. At the base, it is thicker and narrows to the tip.
wool
Short, dense, smooth, shiny, tough.
color
On the main white background, black or brown spots (the same color!) With clear contours located symmetrically along the body, on the head, ears, and tail.
Dalmatian character
Dalmatians are not suitable for inexperienced owners and people who need a phlegmatic sofa company. They are incredibly active by nature, without proper physical exertion, directing unspent energy into destructive pranks that damage the home. In such a situation, the animal becomes uncontrollable, does not obey commands, completely ignores prohibitions.
Failure to understand the background of this behavior led to the formation of a false opinion about low intelligence. If the Dalmatian does not respond to "No!" And "to me," that doesn't mean he's stupid. The fact is that the owner made mistakes during the upbringing and did not assert his gross authority and continued the chain of mistakes, not meeting the natural needs of the pet in physical exercises.
Proper training, building balanced and calm relationships with a puppy, and early socialization contribute to a healthy and strong psyche. These dogs perfectly feel the mood of a person and adapt to him, they gladly follow commands, do not start fights in the fields, restrain strangers, are friendly with animals.
Dalmatians are not related to one person “they”, they love and protect all families equally while striving to take an active part in everything that people do. They get along well with other pets, especially if they grow with them. In the genes lives a long-standing passion for the company of horses, but few people today own a stable, so a company or a cat would be appropriate.
For a family with young children, the appearance of an active “plum pudding”, as the British affectionately call these dogs, can be problematic. But not because they are by nature aggressive and capable of intentionally harming a child. On the other hand, jerky and temperamental Dalmatians by nature do not measure their strength and often drop unsuitable children who find themselves in the way. On the other hand, animals with hearing problems instinctively defend themselves from “threat” when they are imperceptibly approached from behind or disturbed in a dream, and it is difficult for a child to learn the subtleties of instantly creating a special family member.
But with older children and teenagers, Dalmatians in most cases get along well, have a kind soul.
Education and Training
Dalmatians are among the breeds for which proper training and early socialization are incredibly important. Freedom-loving character, unbridled energy, uncontrollable hunter instincts, and deterrence mechanisms formed in childhood lead to the appearance of a destructive, uncontrollable adult.
Learning basic commands and interacting with the outside world cannot be put off. From the first days, a puppy appears in your home, an educational program should begin. A young Dalmatian must clearly understand the limits of what is permitted and know that disobedience will have consequences. Of course, it is unacceptable to show aggression and use physical force, but the resolute and harsh voice of the owner, in which resentment is clearly expressed, is in itself a sufficient punishment.
Do not forget that visits to the fields and participation in group classes with a dog handler can begin only when the puppy has received the prescribed doses of mandatory vaccinations and enough time has passed for the formation of immunity against diseases that are dangerous to the pet. It is best to clarify this with your vet.
Well-trained dogs already within six months know and easily perform more than a dozen commands, including standard and "technical" commands such as successive inversions, "Give five!" or braces. In general, it must be said that the performers of the spotted circus love attention and are ready to make a lot of effort to bring a smile to their owners.
Care and maintenance
An ideal option for keeping a Dalmatian would be a spacious private house with a securely fenced plot, where he can walk freely during the day. However, it must be remembered that it is impossible for representatives of this breed to constantly live in a cage in our climatic conditions - short wool does not protect from low temperatures.
If you are the owner of a city apartment, a prerequisite for a peaceful existence is long walks. And not only the duration (at least an hour a day) is important, but also the saturation of the loads. It's best if your dog accompanies you on a leash while jogging or riding a bike - he moves at a fast pace and will burn enough energy not to seek adventure when he returns. An alternative may be exercised on an equipped obstacle course, only correctly measuring the physical condition of the dog and the height of the obstacles.
Dalmatians do not require complex and tedious care. Their “coat” does not fall off and does not require a haircut or frequent washing, but molting occurs abundantly and almost continuously, and on the border of the warm and cold seasons it becomes especially strong. For the coat at home to be minimal, it is recommended to comb the pet with a brush or a special mitt as often as possible (at least 2-3 times a week).
Otherwise, standard procedures are enough: monitor the condition of the vessels and eyes, the length of the claws, and regularly brush your teeth with the veterinary paste. Nutrition should be balanced and healthy. The easiest way to achieve this is with the help of premium and high-quality ready-made feed. Remember that overeating with reduced physical activity is fraught with obesity.
Health and Dalmatian Diseases
The average life expectancy of Dalmatians is 10-13 years.
The breed's biggest problem is deafness. Hearing problems of varying severity occur in approximately one-third of dogs. 12% of Dalmatians are born completely deaf. An effective solution has not yet been found. Although only healthy animals are allowed to breed, they also have sick dogs. The latter, however, live full lives as pets. It is possible to identify this defect in the first weeks with the help of modern tests.
Due to the peculiarities of metabolism, Dalmatians often have bladder stones. It is also prone to skin allergies and hip dysplasia. Less common recorded are epilepsy, autoimmune liver disease, osteoarthritis of the shoulder joint, osteomyelitis, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypothyroidism, laryngeal paralysis, and other unspecified diseases.
Since many diseases are hereditary or congenital, their appearance can be predicted taking into account the proportions. Responsible breeders always provide comprehensive information about the health status of the parents, as well as the "grandparents".
How to choose a puppy
The key to a successful acquisition is a balanced and carefully considered selection of the breeder. Only kennels with an impeccable reputation can guarantee that a new member of your family will be physically healthy and psychologically stable. Since Dalmatian puppies are given to permanent owners no later than 10-12 weeks, they have time to undergo the necessary medical examinations and show their character features.
A good breeder will ask you no fewer questions than what you ask him because for him every four-legged child is not a living commodity, but a person, so it is important to understand in which family he will live, and in what conditions.
And you, in turn, have every right to get acquainted with the parents and study their documents, the conclusions of the veterinarian about the health status of the puppy, and the results of the test (evoked auditory brainstem response) - the electrodiagnostic hearing test .
It is important to see the conditions in which the mother and infants are kept, to learn about feeding, and to communicate personally with the puppy you want to assess its ability to contact a person and respond adequately to the outside world.
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